Cylinder



sept. 4,1945. r E. G. JORDAN 2,384,309

[4M GM E; JORDA N,

By' @Maazm ,sept..4, 14945.

E. lG. JORDAN 2,384,309

CYLINDER Filed O ct. 26, 1944 s sheets-sheet 2 sgpf, 4,1945.

CYLINDER 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Oct. 26, 1944 /ma. Attorneys 4 Patented Sept. 4, 1945 UENQIT-E'D STATES 'Earl GilesiJordanfMoweaqua, lll.

Application-.Ootober 26, 1944,?Se1iia1No. 560,413

This :invention f-relates to aicylindemand more particularly to :suona cylinderadapted-toibeutilizedfineonjunctionwith int'ernal=combus'tion'en gines.

fThefprimary object offthis inventioniis the prowision of an Aimproved cylinder :adapted eto `pro vide relatively great:compression-wlwLafcomparatively short stroke.

An fadditi'onal object of lthis invention #the :provision o'f sucha. cylinder fprovidediwith -anrinfternal bore `o'f f two sizes adapted 1to^ accommodate :a 'two-'step zpis'ton, and fprovided with #means whereby cairifromallarger bore *is forced into rthe smaller bore by the action of the pistonandoma pressed therein.

YStill another object is-ithe -provisionoffsuchla cylinder havingfpassagesithroughtheiwalls there- 'o`f extending from theilargeribore intothefsmaller 1`bore, `andCterminating below't'he 'topfofithe v:bore or the maximum compression 'stroke of 1 the :piston.

Still another object residesin'fthe fprovisionfof such-a cylinder iwhichlwillbe reliable and eiiicient 'in operation, Isturdyland durableinf construction, relatively..=s'imple:an`d inexpensivetolmanufacture, and Lwhich willzprovide .a relatively high cornpression iin comparison tto dihat provided 'by fcylinders hitherto known.

.Other :objects `residezinit'hef combinations .fof elements, yarrangement .of zparts, features fof :confstruction, which :will libe :more fully :pointed fout hereinafter and shown iin 'the accompanying drawings iwherein thereare idisclosed. several pre- ;ferred embodiments 4of this inventive fconcept.

In .the :drawings- Y Figure 41 is a side -view ipartially :in :elevatio and partially in section showing oneziomicofmyl- :inder iembodyingthis inventive :concept ,in asso- :ciatio "with if a piston.

Figure;2 is ,assectiorrral' vieu/"taken :substantially along .the .line `.2--2 of Figure i1.

Eigureiis aitopiplan'view of therievice shown Figure l1,ithe "cylinder head :being 'memovcd :Figure 4iis1asectonal viewtaken Substantially valong theline 4-4of rFigure l.

L'Figure 5 iis .-a: side sectional 'viewfsa .modified *form 'or ithis invention.

'FigureiG is asectionaliview-taken'fsubstantially along'the lineiB-"S of YFigure 5 asviewedl'in the if Adirection indicated `=by the iarrows.

Figure 7'7 is 'a side sectional view o'f fa fstill 'further modied form -i this# invention, and

Figure isa'top planrview of the device shown in Figure 7, certain parts thereof being indicated by dotted lines.

Like referenee `numerals :refer :to like :parts :throughout 7,the .feet-eral views tof *the :dra-wings.

',fI-Iaving reerence mow itc :the drawings, `more particularly to f1 :to i4, inclusive, there is 5 generally :indicated ,at t0 ya cylinder, ycorriprisecl foftaylinder-.wall El |,-Within\whioh is `out afbore +2 n'f: relatively/large diameterfterminating adja- .centathe yupper portiony ortho cylinder in afshoul- `:der H3. `AireducedboreLt is cutintozthe'upper gportionfofithe: cylinderfwhereby to :provide in-lthe same: cylinderetwo boresfodierent diameters.

Extending -from -Athefiaoe A.of shoulder i3 fto the ,interior-.creare r5,-.at -a pointfbelow'the .upper extremity thereof, `are -a pluralityof passages .l 6. Asabest shown :inidotted .-lines in .Figure .1, xthe upperportionof cylinderfilis adapted vto bepro- -`vided with a i;nflinder '.headv .generally indicated eat 20,;comprised'nfea headfportion 2| Lhavingsuitable bores 22 extending therethroughinto-are- 20 ness-T23 iformed directly rabove ftheetop yof, rbore l5; sand xhaving .valves 24 ,provided with .valve lstems ^2K5 -seatedin such abores, #to permit the in- .takemf air to'the cylinder.

A piston, generally indicated .at 26, vis4posi- "-5 -ltioned `within=thef-cylinder, and lis ncomprised of "30 ,ringsLZ Blare positioned,peripherallyabout-.the cy- .lindrical portion 2,1, .and .a conventional o .-DStDl :rod .30 is `mounted .in .the `customary manner as onavrrismpinl.

,Erom-theforegoing .the operationnf .the device .shouldnow be readily understandable.

Onethe compression stroke of .the cylinder, effected in the .e11stomary manner, Aair Vwithin the bore xl2 -is compressed ,fand forced .upwardly through the :passages I.B,into the `upper fportion `of yboreill'a `Simultaneously .,thefair in bore-His `.compressedby vrtherpiston portion128. .'As'thepis- 'ton continues its upstroke andipasses -the `oneningsl-of :passages A L6 :.withinborel |5a.further -cornkpression ,of Athe air,.both thatoriginallycontained in bore l5andrthat,forced from bore l2 through passageways J5, is effected, until such .timelasv the ,mixture ofiair andvfiiel wthinthefcylinderis exfrploded `in `.the .conventional mannerlby a spark `plug Knott-shown). l.It :will .thus be. seen that a "0 greater ,compression'of air :may .be elected .due 1to -.the aconcentration fof -fthe vair fin ythe two :bores ,.previously rvmentioned, awith .a k.relatively short stroke` of :the piston 26. M Having particular reference now to Figures 5 and 6, there is disclosed a modified form of this invention adapted particularly for application to presently constructed motors, and so arranged that the improved cylinder and piston may be applied within the existing cylinder. In this modification, there is disclosed a cylinder generally indicated at provided with a cylinder wall 4| having a relatively large bore 42 therein, a shoulder 43 adjacent the upper portion of the cylinder comprising a portion of a block 44, within which is cut a reduced bore 45, and passage- Ways 46 leading from bore 42 to bore 45.

A piston generally indicated at 41, comprised of a relatively large cylindrical portion 48 adapted to fit within bore 42 and a smaller portion 49 adapted to t within bore 45, is positioned Within the cylinder, and connected to a piston.

rod 50 as by means of a wrist pin 5|. rings 52 are provided to seal the piston within the cylinder, and, as in the foregoing mod ication, the extremities of passageways 46 terminate below the top surface of the cylinder 40.

A peripheral ilange 53 is positioned about the top of cylinder 40, and provided with a plurality of threaded holes 54 therein. A cylinder head 55 is adapted to be seated on cylinder 40 and is provided with inlet passages 56 having one-way valves 51 positioned therein, adapted to be biased to closed position as by springs 58. A conventional spark plug 59 is positioned in the cylinder head 55, adapted to explode the mixture in the cylinder. Cylinder head is so dimensioned as to extend outwardly over the flange 53 and is provided with bores 60 adapted to be aligned with the bores 54. 4Bolts 6| are adapted to be passed through bores 60 and bores 54, and engage in suitable threaded apertures in the engine block in alignment therewith, to hold the cylinder and cylinder head assembly in -position'within the engine block.

Thus it will be seen, by means of the device shown in this modication, a complete cylinder assembly, including a head, may be readily attached to any conventional make of internal combustion engine.

The operation of the modification 'just' above described is substantially identical with that of the operation of the modiflcation previously discussed. l

Having reference now to Figures 7 and 8, there is disclosed a still further modied form of this inventive concept, wherein a cylinder, generally indicated at 10, is comprised of a side Wall 1| having a relatively large bore 12 therein, a shoulder 13, comprising a portion of the thickened upper Wall 14 of the cylinder, and surrounding a relatively small bore 15. Positioned within the cylinder 10 is a piston 16 comprised of a relatively large cylindrical portion11 adapted to engagevthe bore 12 and a'smaller portion 18 adapted to engage the bore 15, provided with piston rings 19 and mounted on Va piston' rod 80 asby means of a Wrist pin 8|.

Passageways 82 lead from .the face of shoulder 13 through angularly inclined channels 83 to outlets 84 in the upper portion of bore 15.

From the upper portions or extremities of bores 82, additional bores 85 extend upwardly lto the top of the cylinder- 10, and are positionedvin alignment with bores 86 in a cylinder head 81.V The upper extremities of bores 86 terminate'in inlets 88. Positioned Within the Valigned bores 85 and 86 are the valve stems 89 of one-way inlet valves 9|), biased as byY springs V9| to its closed Piston position, and adapted to be opened by the vacuum in the cylinder on the down stroke of piston 16. The central portion of the under side of the head 81 is provided with a recess 92, from which a relatively large bore 93 leads to a large inlet 94. A valve 95 is adapted to close bore 93, and is provided With a valve stem 96 biased toward closed position as by a spring 91 engaging the head 98 of the valve stem, and extending through an aligned aperture 99 in outlet 94.

A spark plug |00 is provided and extends through a suitable bore into the interior of recess 92. Suitable bolts |02 are adapted to secure the head and the cylinder in related assembly.

, .The operation of this modification is substantially similar to that described in next to the foregoing modification, with the exception that upon vthe intake stroke of the piston, valves are .opened to admit air directly into the large bore 12 through the passageways 82, simultane- .ously with the opening of valve 95.

Fromthe foregoing, it will now be seen that there are herein provided devices accomplishing all the objects of this invention and others including many advantags of great practical utility and commercial importance. l

As many embodiments may be made of this inventive concept, and as many modications may be made in the embodiments hereinbefore shown and described, it is to be understood that all matter herein is to be interpreted merely as illustrative and not in a, limiting sense.

I claim:

1. In a device of the character described in combination, a cylinder head, a cylinder body having a relatively large bore therein, a shoulder in said cylinder comprising a, face and a thickened portion'of said body, means forming a reduced bore in said thickened portion, means forming passageways extending from said shoulder through said portion to the interior of said reduced bore, means forming inlets through said cylinder head and said thickened portion, to said passageways, and a piston in said cylinder.

2. In a device of the character described in combination, a cylinder head, a cylinder body having a relatively large bore therein, a shoulder in said cylinder comprising 'a face and a thickened portion of said body, means forming a reduced bore in said thickened portion', means forming passageways extending from said shoulder through said portion to the interior of said reduced bore, means forming inlets through said cylinder head and said portion to said passageways, valves in said passageways, and a piston in said cylinder. l

3. In a Ydevice of the character describedin combination, a cylinder head, a cylinder body having a relatively large bore therein, a shoulder in said cylinder comprising a face and a thick- Vened portion of said body, means forming a reduced bore in said thickened portion, means forming passageways extending from 'said shoulder through said portion to the interior of said reduced bore, means forming inlets through said cylinder head and said portion to said passageways, valves in said passageways, and a piston in said cylinder, said piston including a large portion adapted to fit Within said rst bore and a reduced portion Yadapted to t Within said reduced bore in said cylinder.

EARL GILES JORDAN, 

